Block devices are simply devices that hold data. That's all. For a block device to be "formatted," you typically want a partition table, a partition, and a filesystem in that partition.
For flash storage, the most common off-the-shelf solution is a DOS partition type with a single partition that occupies the entire storage, and a FAT32 filesystem.
On larger or more modern devices, you'll typically see a GPT partition table with a single partition with exFAT. This setup allows you to store files larger than 4 GB.
You can simply use fdisk
to create or modify a partition table and create a partition. You'll want to use a mkfs tool to create the filesystem.